Microscale surface roughness refers to the small-scale variations or irregularities found on the surface of materials, typically measuring in the range of micrometers to tens of micrometers. These surface features can have significant impacts on the physical, chemical, and mechanical properties of a material, affecting its friction, wear resistance, adhesion, and optical properties. Research in microscale surface roughness aims to understand the mechanisms behind its formation, measure and quantify its effects on material performance, and develop strategies to modify or control surface roughness for specific applications. This research often involves advanced imaging and measurement techniques, such as atomic force microscopy and profilometry, as well as computational modeling to predict and optimize surface roughness characteristics. Applications of research in microscale surface roughness span a wide range of industries, including manufacturing, electronics, biomedical devices, and surface coatings. By gaining a deeper understanding of the role of microscale surface roughness in material behavior, researchers can develop new materials and surface treatment techniques that improve performance and functionality in various applications.